免疫檢驗科

學習免疫與血清學檢驗:自體抗體與免疫螢光判讀、感染症血清學、過敏原特異性抗體、免疫球蛋白電泳、補體、流式細胞儀與移植配對檢驗。

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適合哪些醫事職類

同一個主題,不同職業看到的題目與重點不同。以下是免疫檢驗科各職類的學習焦點。

醫檢師

免疫檢驗技術:ANA 間接免疫螢光 HEp-2 判讀與 ICAP 型態命名、效價稀釋操作、ELISA 與化學發光平台操作與校正、感染血清學檢驗流程與確認試驗、特異性 IgE 定量與過敏原盤選擇、免疫球蛋白定量與免疫固定電泳操作、補體活性測定、流式細胞儀設定與淋巴球分型、HLA 分型與交叉配對、hook effect 與異嗜性抗體干擾辨識、冷凝集素與冷球蛋白的溫度控制、品管與能力試驗

醫師

免疫檢驗判讀:ANA 型態與疾病關聯、自體抗體的敏感度特異度與臨床前機率、感染血清學窗期與偽陽性判讀、過敏原致敏 vs 臨床過敏的區辨、單株免疫球蛋白判讀、補體消耗的疾病意義、CRP/IL-6/PCT 的鑑別應用、CD4/CD8 與免疫狀態評估、移植前後抗體監測與排斥風險、自體免疫疾病的階層式檢驗路徑、免疫缺陷症的分層評估、疫苗保護力判定

護理師

採檢與病人端配合:免疫檢驗採血管別與檢體處理、冷凝集素與冷球蛋白的 37°C 保溫送檢、感染血清學採檢的窗期說明與隱私保護、過敏原檢測前的抗組織胺停藥衛教、流式細胞儀檢體的時效與室溫保存、移植配對採檢與輸血史記錄、檢體溶血與脂血的預防、陽性結果的通報流程與心理支持、疫苗抗體追蹤採檢安排、檢驗結果衛教與複檢說明

涵蓋的學習主題

共 14 個主題。展開可看每個主題的學習重點與依據的指引。

依據的臨床指引

本科別的學習內容依下列指引與文獻整理,著作權屬各原權利人。

  1. Detection of antinuclear antibodies: recommendations from EFLM, EASI and ICAP + Revised 2017 international consensus on testing of ANCAs in granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis|EFLM/EASI/ICAP 三方聯合/國際 ANCA 共識小組|2023/2017
  2. Report of the First International Consensus on Standardized Nomenclature of Antinuclear Antibody HEp-2 Cell Patterns 2014–2015(AC-1~AC-28)|ICAP|2015
  3. WHO Guidelines on Hepatitis B and C Testing + Laboratory and Point-of-Care Diagnostic Testing for Sexually Transmitted Infections, Including HIV|WHO|2017/2023
  4. IgE Allergy Diagnostics and Other Relevant Tests in Allergy — a World Allergy Organization Position Paper|WAO|2020
  5. Adolopment of Recommendations for Standardized Reporting of Protein Electrophoresis+ An international multi-center serum protein electrophoresis accuracy and M-protein isotyping study, Part I|eJIFCC/IFCC M-protein 工作組|2024/2020
  6. Expanding Horizons in Complement Analysis and Quality Control|Frazer-Abel/Kirschfink/Prohászka|2021
  7. Procalcitonin (PCT)-guided antibiotic stewardship: an international experts consensus on optimized clinical use + How to use biomarkers of infection or sepsis at the bedside: guide to clinicians|國際專家共識/Intensive Care Medicine|2019/2023
  8. Laboratory Guidelines for Enumerating CD4 T Lymphocytes in the Context of HIV/AIDS + EuroFlow-Based Flowcytometric Diagnostic Screening and Classification of Primary Immunodeficiencies of the Lymphoid System|WHO /EuroFlow Consortium|2009/2019
  9. Standards for Histocompatibility & Immunogenetics Testing, Version 9.0|EFI|2026
  10. Interferences in immunoassays: review and practical algorithm|CCLM|2022
  11. Quality and best practice in medical laboratories: specific requests for autoimmunity testing|EASI/EFLM 自體免疫工作組|2020
  12. The 2024 update of IUIS phenotypic classification of human inborn errors of immunity|IUIS Expert Committee|2025
  13. Correlates of Vaccine-Induced Protection: Methods and Implications (WHO/IVB/13.01)|WHO|2013
  14. Cryoproteins in Non-HCV-Related Autoimmune Disorders: A Serious Cold-Induced Problem + Laboratory Practices for the Detection and Characterization of Cryoglobulins and Cryofibrinogen|Diagnostics/J Clinical Laboratory Analysis|2025/2025

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