精準醫學科

學習以基因與生物標記為依據的個人化治療:腫瘤基因檢測與標靶選藥、液態切片、藥物基因體學劑量調整、免疫治療生物標記與分子腫瘤委員會。

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適合哪些醫事職類

同一個主題,不同職業看到的題目與重點不同。以下是精準醫學科各職類的學習焦點。

醫師

分子導向治療決策:驅動基因與可用藥標的判定、標靶治療選擇與 tumor-agnostic 適應症、ctDNA 監測與抗藥突變偵測的臨床應用、生物標記選藥與伴隨式診斷的臨床意義、PD-L1/TMB/MSI 判讀與免疫治療決策、NGS 報告的可行性分級與臨床轉譯、分子腫瘤委員會的個案討論與建議、體細胞結果中的胚系疑慮轉介、多基因風險評分的臨床限度、精準預防與早期偵測策略

藥師

精準用藥實務:藥物基因體檢測結果與劑量調整(DPYD/UGT1A1/TPMT 等)、CPIC 指引的臨床實施與處方系統整合、標靶藥物的交互作用與劑量最適化、先行性 preemptive 基因檢測的導入、免疫治療相關用藥與不良反應監測、生物標記陽性用藥的給付與適應症核對、抗藥後換藥決策的藥物選擇、用藥基因資訊的病人衛教、藥物基因資訊在電子病歷的呈現與警示

醫檢師

檢測選擇與報告轉譯:依臨床問題建議合適檢測(組織 panel vs 液態切片)、ctDNA 檢測時機與血漿處理、生物標記檢測平台與伴隨式診斷試劑的對應、PD-L1/TMB/MSI 檢測方法差異與可比性、NGS panel 覆蓋範圍與可行性註記、體細胞與胚系變異的實驗室區辨提示、生物資訊流程與資料庫註釋、多體學資料整合與品質指標、檢測報告的臨床可讀性設計

涵蓋的學習主題

共 12 個主題。展開可看每個主題的學習重點與依據的指引。

依據的臨床指引

本科別的學習內容依下列指引與文獻整理,著作權屬各原權利人。

  1. Somatic Genomic Testing in Patients With Metastatic or Advanced Cancer: ASCO Provisional Clinical Opinion|ASCO|2022
  2. ESMO recommendations on the use of circulating tumour DNA assays for patients with cancer: a report from the ESMO Precision Medicine Working Group|ESMO PMWG|2022
  3. Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group (DPWG) guideline for the gene-drug interaction of DPYD and fluoropyrimidines|DPWG|2020
  4. Biomarker and Companion Diagnostics—A Review of Medicinal Products Approved by the European Medicines Agency + Tumor markers in colorectal cancer, gastric cancer and GIST: EGTM 2014 guidelines update|Front Med/EGTM|2021/2014
  5. ESMO recommendations on microsatellite instability testing for immunotherapy in cancer, and its relationship with PD-1/PD-L1 expression and tumour mutational burden + Biomarker development for PD-(L)1 axis inhibition: a consensus view from the SITC Biomarkers Committee|ESMO/SITC|2019/2024
  6. Recommendations for the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for patients with advanced cancer in 2024: a report from the ESMO Precision Medicine Working Group|ESMO PMWG|2024
  7. Molecular Tumor Boards: Current Practice and Future Needs + Multicenter Comparison of Molecular Tumor Boards in The Netherlands: Definition, Composition, Methods, and Targeted Therapy Recommendations|Annals of Oncology/The Oncologist|2017/2021
  8. Germline-focussed analysis of tumour-only sequencing: recommendations from the ESMO Precision Medicine Working Group|ESMO PMWG|2019
  9. Responsible use of polygenic risk scores in the clinic: potential benefits, risks and gaps|ICDA PRS Task Force|2021
  10. The CPIC Guideline for SLCO1B1, ABCG2, and CYP2C9 Genotypes and Statin-Associated Musculoskeletal Symptoms|CPIC|2022
  11. GA4GH: International policies and standards for data sharing across genomic research and healthcare + AI-driven multi-omics integration in precision oncology: bridging the data deluge to clinical decisions|GA4GH/Clin Exp Med|2021/2026
  12. Personalized early detection and prevention of breast cancer: ENVISION consensus statement + Multi-cancer early detection tests: Attributes for clinical implementation|ENVISION 國際共識/Cancer Biomarkers|2020/2025

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